Neem Plant Pharmacognosy 1 -Synonym, Source, Uses So friends in this article we are going to discuss the Neem plant which is an antiseptic as well antiviral also used as insecticide. The topics we are going to discuss here are-neem plant scientific name, about neem plant, Macroscopic characters, Chemical constituents, medicinal uses of neem plant,
Neem plant
Neem plant scientific name
Synonyms : Margosa, Nim
Scientific name : It is a leaves and other aerial parts of Azadirachta Indica, A. Juss syn: Melia Azadirachta. Linn belongs to the family Meliaceae.
Geographical source : It is found in india. It grows widely in tropical and subtropical regions of the world.
Describe about neem
- The plant grows by using seeds.
- It has the ability to grow in Indeficient nutrition soil.
- It can survives in less Rainfall, drought conditions, and high temperature.
- It grows at PH of 5 and in moist areaIt favours stony, clay, shallow soils, roots can be extract nutrients from sandy or leached soils easily.
- This plant grows fruits after the five years in the month of May to August.
- Neem tree grows upto the height of the 8 meters and 360 kg. Bears 3 to 57kg fruits.neem plant uses,
About neem plant
Macroscopic characters
- Leaves : the leaves of neem are imparipinnate which are 21 to 38 in cm length. Leaflets are opposite and alternate. Shape of leaves are obliquely falcate, lanceolate, serrate. Color of leaves are dark green to greenish yellow, taste is bitter.
- Flowers : flowers on neem trees are white have some scent size of 5 mm long and pentamerous, have staminal tube dentate, and anthers are present inside them.
- Fruits : Drupe 1.2 to 1.9 cm long, oblong in shape, 1- seeded smooth color is greenish yellow. Taste is intense and bitter.
- Bark : Roughly, color is gray to brown, shape is channelled size is about 10 mm in thickness with scaly to fissured surface. But yellow color inside. It is laminated and fibrous.
Chemical constituents
- The parts of the Neem plant contains various constituents.
- The active ingredients presents are azadirachtin, salannin and meliantriol.
- Whereas neem leaves constituents are nimbosterol, and quercetin. In seeds azadirachtin, salanin, meliantriol and meliacin.
- The trunk bark contains nimbin, nimbinin, nimbinin, nimbosterol.
- The bitterness taste is all because of margosine constituent.
- Neem oil is extracted from the seeds which contains high amount of glycerides of oleic upto 50%,and steric acid in20%.
Neem plant uses
Uses aare as follows :
- Neem leaves and neem oil are used as antiseptics and insecticides.
- Where neem oil, nimbin, and nimbidin are active against fungi.
- The anti insect principles are commercial in the form of vapaside and margosides.
- The Neem drug have been also use in antifertility and antiviral properties. Used in the treatment of AIDS.
- NIMBIN : an antiviral action of neem.
For more such pharmacognosy link
Medicinal uses of neem plant
- It is used as fungicide. As the fungi affect the human body for this neem plant has beneficial to effect on body.
- It is used as antibacterial. Some pathogenic bacteria are inactive against the Neem oil.
- It is used as antiviral agent. Small pox, chicken pox and warts like diseases have been cured by using the mixture paste of neem leaves.
- Dermatological insect. It is used against head lice. In the form of neem oil.
- In Dental treatment. In old days but now a days rarely some one uses neem bark as toothbrush. Preventing and healing gums.
- In Malaria. The mosquitos numbers are increased in winters the smoke of this plant can kill the mosquitos.
Malabar neem plant
Malabar neem tree used for making tables, farming needs, pencil and matchsticks manufacturing, musical instruments, Malabar trees are insect free to the furniture making is preferred. In two years it grows upto 40 feet height.
Also you can read:
Vinca Antitumor drug pharmacognosy | synonym, source, uses link
Conclusion
So friends this was all about neem plant. We see the how the important active constituents responsible for various actions. If you have any issue regarding any drugs Please convey upto us we will find you a solution thank you for reading this article. Meet you next article.
